Joseph P. Kearns is a graduate of Kansas State University and has been employed by Wenger for more than 40 years. He has spent a career watching and being involved in the feed production in the aquaculture sector. He holds nine U.S. and foreign patents on aquatic topics relating to extrusion cooking. He has authored numerous publications on aquatic feed production as well as made presentations around the world.
The AQUAFEED.COM series of international conferences for the worldwide aquaculture feed sector. Please note: PRE-REGISTRATION IS REQUIRED. Walk-ins will only be accepted on a space available basis.
Tuesday, November 24, 2015
Interactions of Extrusion and Ingredients for Aquatic Feeds
Joseph P. Kearns, Vice President Aqua-Feed Div., Wenger
Manufacturing, Inc., USA
The extrusion process must produce feeds for
various aquatic species, while meeting the specific nutritional needs and the
demanding physical characteristics for a wide variety of aquaculture
needs. Typically, producers of aquatic
feeds make a range of products for various species. All of the possible combinations or
differences in feeds for a given animal’s life cycle, as well as the overall
different species in aquaculture production areas, requires the extrusion
cooking device to be controllable with regards to all of the inputs to the
system. Ingredients, energy, pressure,
water and steam, oils and the hardware used all need to be coordinated for
final product characteristic control.
Feed sizes, densities, sinking rates, water stability, pellet hardness,
water absorption and cell structure are just a few topics that come up when
discussing an exacting feed for specific animals. It is actually amazing how one machine has
the ability to handle all of the above.
Extrusion is greatly enhanced by advanced control systems and effective
tools to manage the feed production cycle.
Joseph P. Kearns is a graduate of Kansas State University and has been employed by Wenger for more than 40 years. He has spent a career watching and being involved in the feed production in the aquaculture sector. He holds nine U.S. and foreign patents on aquatic topics relating to extrusion cooking. He has authored numerous publications on aquatic feed production as well as made presentations around the world.
Joseph P. Kearns is a graduate of Kansas State University and has been employed by Wenger for more than 40 years. He has spent a career watching and being involved in the feed production in the aquaculture sector. He holds nine U.S. and foreign patents on aquatic topics relating to extrusion cooking. He has authored numerous publications on aquatic feed production as well as made presentations around the world.
Monday, November 16, 2015
Durable sinking fish feed with low starch formulations and an example with insect meal as alternative protein
Urs Wüst, Director Product Management Aquafeed & Petfood,
Business Unit Nutrition, Bühler AG, Switzerland
Formulations are changing and
the level of starch is getting lower as well as the level of fishmeal. Fishmeal
is being replaced by other protein sources, such as for example, different kind
of gluten, soy bean meal and soy concentrates or peas. Depending on the quality
of fishmeal, starch inclusions are varied and the extrusion process has to be adjusted accordingly in order
to get the correct cook.
The physical quality
requirements remain the same or are even increasing today due to the behavior
of the different ingredients in the raw material and the changes in formulation.
The potential of using insect
meals in fish feed diets show promising prospects.
Available studies indicate that a partial replacement of fishmeal will occur in
the short or medium term.
In an extrusion trial with
marine feed we have replaced the fishmeal with insect meal (Hermetia -
black soldier fly meal) and show some data and processing conditions for optimal
cooking and bulk density.
Urs Wüst is the Director Product Management Aquafeed
& Petfood for the Business Unit
Nutrition, Bühler AG, Switzerland. Until 2014, he was responsible for the
market segment Aqua Feed and before for the technology and R&D for the
market segments Feed, Petfood and Aquafeed. Mr. Wüst worked for more than ten
years in Japan and Korea in sales, engineering and customer service as Manager Feed Technology & Extrusion
Systems at Bühler Japan. Prior to that he was Product Manager Food & Feed
for analytical equipment at Büchi Lab-technology Switzerland, responsible for
strategy, worldwide sales and development of new equipment. He was also Project
Manager Feed & Oil Milling at Bühler Belgium, South Africa and Switzerland
and Feed milling engineer at the Swiss Institute of Feed Technology (SFT).
Plant Extracts in Aquaculture Feeds: From Modes of Action to Practical Application
Clementine Oguey, Aqua Product Expert, PANCOSMA & Associates
The term plant extracts usually refers to components
naturally occurring in plants, and namely regroups true plant extract such as
essential oils or oleoresins, and nature identical molecules. These additives
commonly suffer from a lack of transparency in the commercially available
products and an inconsistency in their contents in active molecules, explaining
the great discrepancy of activity between products containing similar
compounds. However, as long as the additives considered have standardized
formula and manufacturing process, their mode of action at recommended dosage
can be consistently elucidated. This consequently explains the beneficial
effects of these products on performance and health.
Historically, the effect of plant extracts is based on
their antimicrobial activity. The minimum inhibitory concentrations of these
compounds remain much higher than the standard dosages recommended in animal
diets. This suggests that the effect of these products is not associated to a
direct antimicrobial activity and highlights the importance to test them at
their recommended dosage.
Well defined plant extracts such as standardized
capsicum, turmeric oleoresins or cinnamaldehyde have been shown to modulate
immunity at reduced levels and affected the systemic immune response of animals
challenged with bacteria or viruses. The clarification of the mode of action of
single plant extract associated to comparative physiology enable to develop
combinations targeting specific applications.
Under standard animal production practices, the
beneficial impact of these plant extracts on gut immune modulation can explain
their efficacy to consistently improve gut function and subsequent fish
resistance to disease and performance.
Plant extracts generally suffer from a lack of consistency
to improve productive performance of target species. Consecutive trials
demonstrated that compared to a negative control, a blend of three specific
phytocomponents consistently increased body weight gain by and reduced feed
conversion ratio in tilapia.
In addition to this beneficial impact on productive
performance, the gut immunity effect of some plant extracts can also be
exploited to increase the resistance of aqua species to diseases induced for
example by bacteria.
Despite common belief, well defined and standardized
plant extracts based feed additives are good tools to improve health and
performance in current aqua production systems. The extended knowledge of the
primary effects of these compounds opens new fields of utilization. However, the
nutritional application of such products also involves taking into account gut
physiology, immunology and microbiology, and farm practices.
Clementine Oguey received her B.S. degree in animal nutrition, and
M.S. degree in Agro-food and health from ISAB, a French university specializing
in agricultural engineering. Following her graduation in 2006, she joined Pancosam's
R&D department in Geneva, Switzerland, where she currently works as a
Technical Expert, focusing on the XTRACT® range of plant extract-based
products, for all animals, including aquatic species. Her role is to coordinate
all field trials worldwide, to provide technical support, as well as to publish
scientific articles and participate in international conferences. She has been working on the
practical application of plant extract based feed additives in aqua species for
three years.
Advances in Amino Acid Nutrition of Shrimp
Dr. Alexandros Samartzis, Regional Technical Sales Manager, Evonik (SEA)
Alexandros Samartzis1, Dhanapong Sangsue1,
Cláudia Figueiredo-Silva2 and Girish Channarayapatna1
1Animal Nutrition,
Evonik Industries, Singapore; 2Animal Nutrition, Evonik Industries,
Germany;
Aquaculture is one of the fastest growing industries
in the world. In 2013, total aquaculture production was 97.2 million tonnes
globally that translates to 157.27 billion US$ with an annual percentage rate
of 8.1% per annum. While Asian aquaculture production contributed to 91.78% of
total world production with an impressive growth rate of 6.9% during 2013. In
commercial aquaculture practices, feeds are responsible for the biggest share
of the production cost which can be up to 80% in many cases. Fish meal (FM) is
considered as an excellent source of nutrients (balanced amino acid profiles,
essential fatty acids, and mineral content) and for that reason was the key
ingredient in aquaculture feeds. Due to its high and increasing cost,
nutritionists emphasize on reducing dependence and finding alternative protein
sources to replace FM. Crustaceans attribute for the major share of about 28%
of the total use of FM in aquaculture. During the last years, significant
information were generated regarding the digestibility of nutrients including
amino acids (AA) of practical ingredients. These data, allows the nutritionists
to have better understanding of nutrient digestibility coefficients in order to
formulate diets that meet the requirements of the defined production target
(without being restricted by the limitations that FM imposes). The slow feeding
behaviour of crustaceans such as, whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei), is an extra challenge that has to be
addressed. The objective of this review is to present the available data on
amino acid recommendations and digestibility co-efficients for whiteleg shrimp
for an optimal but cost effective diet. The latest numerous up-to-date
experimental studies indicate that FM substitution with alternative protein
sources do not affect the growth, survival and feed conversion ratio of shrimp,
as long as nutrient composition, including amino acid profile, are balanced to
cover the specie’s requirements. The digestibility coefficient of crude protein
and individual AA of many ingredients will be presented in detail. Finally, all
the recent advances in the AA nutrition of shrimp will explained alongside the
solutions to the challenges of the complicated feeding behaviour of
crustaceans.
Dr. Alexandros Samartzis works for Evonik
(SEA) Pte. Ltd. as a Technical Sales Manager for the Southeast Asia region
specialized in Aquaculture and based in Singapore. My academic qualifications
are; PhD in Aquaculture nutrition from Plymouth University in UK as well as an
MRes in applied fish biology and an MBA from the Agricultural University of
Athens, Greece.
GART as a Platform to Investigate Disease Control Strategies Against AHPND/EMS in Shrimp
Dr. Niu Yufeng, research Scientist, Aqua UGent, Belgium
AHPND/EMS is currently one of
the most devastating diseases in shrimp farms which occurs typically within 30
days of stocking in grow-out ponds and causes mortality up to 100%. This
disease has a bacterial etiology and its causative agent has been identified as
member of the Vibrio harveyi clade,
most closely related to V.
parahaemolyticus.
Recent research at the
University of Ghent has shown that GART, the Gnotobiotic ARTemia platform, is a
valuable pre-assessment tool to validate in vitro findings before testing on a
large scale with shrimp. This model uses the brine shrimp (Artemia) under sterile conditions and provides a high-throughput
and low-cost screening platform which, in combination with a number of Vibrio
strains with virulence gradient, allows to investigate diverse disease control
strategies under highly controlled conditions.
Dr. Niu Yufeng currently works as a post-doctoral researcher at the Laboratory of Aquaculture & Artemia Reference Center of Ghent University and is also involved in aquaculture business development between Europe and China for Aqua UGent.
As a joint PhD between Ghent University and Ocean University of China, Michael focused on the research of microbial management in the aquaculture industry and facilitated the collaboration between the two universities. During his PhD, microorganisms in the aquatic system were the core of his research. He studied the immunostimulatory effects of microbes leading to more robust animals against pathogen infections.
As a joint PhD between Ghent University and Ocean University of China, Michael focused on the research of microbial management in the aquaculture industry and facilitated the collaboration between the two universities. During his PhD, microorganisms in the aquatic system were the core of his research. He studied the immunostimulatory effects of microbes leading to more robust animals against pathogen infections.
Feed for The Future: The Challenges and Opportunities for A Better and Sustainable Aquaculture Industry
Dr. M A Kabir Chowdhury, Global Product Manager - Aquaculture, Jefo
Nutrition Inc.
The global fed aquaculture has been growing at a much
faster rate than any other industry for the better part of the last three
decades. In recent years, there are signs of sluggishness mainly because of
lower than expected growth in China. Too many species, lack of better genetics
and limited information on nutritional requirements of most of these species at
various life stages has been a major bottleneck for the industry worldwide. In
addition, increasing price of common feed ingredients, lack of quality feed
stuffs, poor characterization of their nutrient profiles, poor understandings
of anti-nutrients, lack of industry wide standard, poor labeling, and
resistance to change or to accept innovative ideas, technologies and products
are also some of the major contributing factors. The aqua feed industry could
play a major role to reverse the trend in partnerships with the farming
community and public institutions. The industry needs to invest significantly
to improve the knowledge base on nutritional requirements, ingredient
characterization and screening, and to educate the farming community. At the
same time, local, regional or national governments should engage themselves in
formulating, incorporating, implementing and enforcing policies on proper
labeling, labour practices, environmental management, raw material standards,
use of antibiotics and other chemicals, and other important issues.
To combat the continuing crises of quality raw
materials, maintaining optimum environment and health, and for better production,
plethora of products are available and new products are being developed almost
every day in an already crowded marketplace. Similar to selecting a raw
material, a due diligence needs to be given in screening these products. Most
additives available for the industry today were originally developed for other
terrestrial animals. From feed manufacturers’ and farmers’ perspectives,
choosing a product should depend on species, farming conditions, and finally,
the manufacturing parameters. This presentation discusses types of solutions
currently available for various challenges being faced by feed manufacturers
and farmers including some suggestions for a profitable and sustainable
industry.
With
broad knowledge and more than 20 years of field experience in aquaculture production management and
nutrition, Kabir Chowdhury's academic
and research excellence are reflected in
numerous scientific communications published in various outlets. He received his PhD in Animal Nutrition from
the UG/OMNR Fish Nutrition Research Laboratory (FNRL) of the University of
Guelph, Ontario, Canada and MSc from the Asian Institute of Technology of
Thailand.
At
his current position with Jefo Nutrition Inc., an animal feed additive company
from Canada, he manages the worldwide aquaculture program for the organization.
Effect of an Algo-Clay Based Biocatalyst on the Digestive and Growth Performance of Juvenile Shrimp (L. Vannamei)
Maarten Jay van Schoonhoven, Aqua BU
manager, Olmix, France

Maarten Jay van Schoonhoven
has worked for various companies involved in aquaculture in Europe, USA and
Thailand. After starting with sales and account managing he was able to
successfully introduce new products in different aquaculture markets. This
involved working closely between the end users and the R&D group to find
the best product and the best possible application. He recently joined Olmix to
introduce their product range into the aquaculture market.
Pre-Processing of Feedstuffs to Improve their Feeding Value for Aquaculture Feeds
Dr. Dominique P. Bureau, Professor, University of Guelph, Canada
The agriculture, food and
bio-fuel sectors produce numerous co-products or by-products and some undervalorized
waste streams. There are opportunities to make use of undervalued products or
waste streams or to improve the nutritive and economical values of existing
feed ingredients. The presentation will review several recent attempts made at
the University of Guelph to study the effectiveness of simple and potentially
cost-effective techniques for processing feedstuffs of plant, microbial and
animal origins prior to their incorporation in animal feeds. The perspectives
and pitfalls for these approaches will be discussed.
Dominique P Bureau is a well-established research scientist with over 25
years’ experience in aquaculture nutrition. He has lead a dynamic research
group, the Fish Nutrition Research Laboratory, at the University of Guelph
since 2000, collaborating with numerous academic research groups, aquafeed
manufacturers, ingredient suppliers and funding and regulatory agencies across
the world and supervising a team composed of about 20 graduate students,
post-doctoral fellows and research assistants.
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